(?) (?)(1)钝(Dun)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai) 电(Dian)流(Liu)密(Mi)度(Du)和(He)金(Jin)属(Shu)溶(Rong)解(Jie)作(Zuo)用(Yong)随(Sui)着(Zhuo)阳(Yang)极(Ji)电(Dian)位(Wei)正(Zheng)向(Xiang)提(Ti)高(Gao)而(?)剧(Ju)减(Jian),甚(Shen)至(Zhi)完(Wan)全(Quan)停(Ting)止(Zhi)溶(Rong)解(Jie)呈(Cheng)稳(Wen)定(Ding)状(Zhuang)态(Tai),此(Ci)时(Shi)阳(Yang)极(Ji)表(Biao)面(Mian)处(Chu)于(Yu)钝(Dun)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai),其(Qi)溶(Rong)解(Jie)称(Cheng)为(Wei)钝(Dun)化(Hua)溶(Rong)解(Jie)。(?)产(Chan)生(Sheng)钝(Dun)化(Hua)的(De)原(Yuan)因(Yin)有(You)成(Cheng)相(Xiang)理(Li)论(Lun)和(He)吸(Xi)附(Fu)理(Li)论(Lun)两(Liang)种(Zhong)说(Shuo)法(Fa)。(?)成(Cheng)相(Xiang)理(Li)论(Lun)认(Ren)为(Wei),金(Jin)属(Shu)与(Yu)溶(Rong)液(Ye)作(Zuo)用(Yong)后(Hou)在(Zai)其(Qi)表(Biao)面(Mian)形(Xing)成(Cheng)一(Yi)层(Ceng)紧(Jin)密(Mi)的(De)极(Ji)薄(Bao)粘(Zhan)膜(Mo),通(Tong)常(Chang)由(You)氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)、(?)氢(Qing)氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)或(Huo)盐(Yan)组(Zu)成(Cheng),使(Shi)金(Jin)属(Shu)表(Biao)面(Mian)失(Shi)去(Qu)了(Liao)原(Yuan)有(You)的(De)活(Huo)泼(Po)性(Xing)质(Zhi),从(Cong)而(?)溶(Rong)解(Jie)过(Guo)程(Cheng)减(Jian)慢(Man)。(?)吸(Xi)附(Fu)理(Li)论(Lun)认(Ren)为(Wei),金(Jin)属(Shu)表(Biao)面(Mian)由(You)于(Yu)形(Xing)成(Cheng)了(Liao)氧(Yang)的(De)吸(Xi)附(Fu)层(Ceng)而(?)引(Yin)起(Qi)钝(Dun)化(Hua)实(Shi)际(Ji)上(Shang)两(Liang)者(Zhe)兼(Jian)而(?)有(You)之(Zhi)。(?)钝(Dun)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)时(Shi)可(Ke)以(Yi)形(Xing)成(Cheng)平(Ping)滑(Hua)光(Guang)泽(Ze)的(De)电(Dian)解(Jie)表(Biao)面(Mian)。(?)
(?) (?)(2)活(Huo)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai) 电(Dian)流(Liu)密(Mi)度(Du)和(He)金(Jin)属(Shu)溶(Rong)解(Jie)作(Zuo)用(Yong)随(Sui)阳(Yang)极(Ji)电(Dian)位(Wei)正(Zheng)向(Xiang)提(Ti)高(Gao)而(?)增(Zeng)长(Chang),此(Ci)时(Shi)的(De)阳(Yang)极(Ji)表(Biao)面(Mian)处(Chu)于(Yu)活(Huo)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai),其(Qi)阳(Yang)极(Ji)溶(Rong)解(Jie)称(Cheng)为(Wei)活(Huo)化(Hua)溶(Rong)解(Jie)。(?)
(?) (?)金(Jin)属(Shu)钝(Dun)化(Hua)膜(Mo)生(Sheng)成(Cheng)后(Hou),可(Ke)采(Cai)取(Qu)溶(Rong)液(Ye)加(Jia)热(Re)、(?)通(Tong)人(Ren)还(Huan)原(Yuan)性(Xing)气(Qi)体(Ti)、(?)加(Jia)人(Ren)某(Mou)些(Xie)活(Huo)性(Xing)离(Li)子(Zi)、(?)机(Ji)械(Xie)摩(Mo)擦(Ca)等(Deng)方(Fang)法(Fa)来(Lai)破(Po)坏(Huai),这(Zhe)一(Yi)过(Guo)程(Cheng)称(Cheng)为(Wei)活(Huo)化(Hua)过(Guo)程(Cheng)。(?)在(Zai)这(Zhe)些(Xie)措(Cuo)施(Shi)中(Zhong),溶(Rong)液(Ye)加(Jia)热(Re)温(Wen)度(Du)不(Bu)能(Neng)过(Guo)高(Gao),否(Fou)则(Ze)会(Hui)引(Yin)起(Qi)电(Dian)解(Jie)液(Ye)过(Guo)快(Kuai)燕(Yan)发(Fa)、(?)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)材(Cai)料(Liao)膨(Peng)胀(Zhang)、(?)软(Ruan)化(Hua)和(He)损(Sun)坏(Huai)等(Deng)问(Wen)题(Ti);氯(Lu)离(Li)子(Zi)Q具(Ju)有(You)很(Hen)强(Qiang)的(De)活(Huo)化(Hua)能(Neng)力(Li),它(Ta)与(Yu)大(Da)多(Duo)数(Shu)金(Jin)属(Shu)的(De)亲(Qin)和(He)力(Li)比(Bi)氧(Yang)大(Da),CL吸(Xi)附(Fu)在(Zai)电(Dian)极(Ji)上(Shang)使(Shi)钝(Dun)化(Hua)膜(Mo)中(Zhong)的(De)氧(Yang)排(Pai)出(Chu),活(Huo)化(Hua)效(Xiao)果(Guo)***,因(Yin)此(Ci),用(Yong)NaCL电(Dian)解(Jie)液(Ye)电(Dian)解(Jie)效(Xiao)率(Lu)高(Gao);电(Dian)解(Jie)唐(Tang)削(Xiao)就(Jiu)是(Shi)可(Ke)利(Li)用(Yong)机(Ji)械(Xie)摩(Mo)擦(Ca)来(Lai)破(Po)坏(Huai)钝(Dun)化(Hua)膜(Mo),使(Shi)金(Jin)属(Shu)表(Biao)面(Mian)处(Chu)于(Yu)活(Huo)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)。(?)活(Huo)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)下(Xia)的(De)阳(Yang)极(Ji)表(Biao)面(Mian)比(Bi)较(Jiao)粗(Cu)糙(Cao).
(?) (?)(3)超(Chao)钝(Dun)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai) 钝(Dun)化(Hua)后(Hou)电(Dian)流(Liu)密(Mi)度(Du)随(Sui)阳(Yang)极(Ji)电(Dian)位(Wei)继(Ji)续(Xu)提(Ti)高(Gao)又(You)重(Zhong)新(Xin)增(Zeng)大(Da),称(Cheng)为(Wei)超(Chao)钝(Dun)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai),此(Ci)时(Shi)的(De)溶(Rong)解(Jie)称(Cheng)超(Chao)钝(Dun)化(Hua)溶(Rong)解(Jie)。(?)超(Chao)钝(Dun)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)的(De)形(Xing)成(Cheng)主(Zhu)要(Yao)有(You)钝(Dun)化(Hua)膜(Mo)重(Zhong)新(Xin)溶(Rong)解(Jie)或(Huo)剥(Bao)落(Luo)、(?)阳(Yang)极(Ji)电(Dian)位(Wei)达(Da)到(Dao)其(Qi)他(Ta)电(Dian)极(Ji)反(Fan)应(Ying)的(De)电(Dian)位(Wei)等(Deng),电(Dian)解(Jie)液(Ye)中(Zhong)电(Dian)解(Jie)质(Zhi)含(Han)量(Liang)越(Yue)大(Da),阳(Yang)极(Ji)电(Dian)位(Wei)越(Yue)正(Zheng),越(Yue)容(Rong)易(Yi)转(Zhuan)向(Xiang)超(Chao)钝(Dun)化(Hua)。(?)超(Chao)钝(Dun)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)可(Ke)获(Huo)得(De)光(Guang)滑(Hua)平(Ping)整(Zheng)的(De)表(Biao)面(Mian)。(?)
